Sabarmati River
The Sabarmati river is one of the significant west-rolling rivers in India. It originates in the Aravalli Range of the Udaipur District of Rajasthan and meets the Gulf of Khambhat of the Arabian Sea after touring 371 km (231 mi) in a south-westerly direction across Rajasthan and Gujarat. 48 km (30 mi) of the river distance is in Rajasthan, while 323 km (201 mi) is in Gujarat.
Basin Of Sabarmati River
The catchment region of the Sabarmati basin is 21,674 sq Km ( 8,368 sq miles) out of which 4,124 sq Km ( 1,592 sq mi) lies in Rajasthan State and the abiding 18,550 sq Km (7,160 sq mi) in Gujarat. The basin is located in a semi-arid region with rainfall ranging from 450 to 800 mm (18 to 31 in) in distinctive parts of the basin. The river traverses three geomorphic zones rocky highlands, midmost alluvial plains, and lower estuarine region.
The significant branches are the Watrak, Wakal, Hathmati, Harnav, and Sei rivers. The average yearly water availability in the Sabarmati basin is 308 cubic meters ( 10,900 cu ft) per capita, which is significantly less than the national average of 1,545 cubic meters ( 54,600 cu ft) per capita.
The Sabarmati is a seasonal river whose streams are conquered by rainfall, with little or no flows post-monsoon. An average inflow of 33 cubic meters ( 1,200 cu ft) per second was scaled at Ahmedabad during the period 1968 – 1979. Over the past century, the deluge of August 1973 is regarded to be the largest flood, when an inflow of 14,150 cubic meters (500,000 cu ft) per second was spanned at Dharoi.
Sabarmati River Course
At 51 km of its flow, the river is joined by the Wakal on the left bank near village Ghanpankari. After rolling normally in the southwest direction at 67th km of its flow, it receives the Sei on the right bank near Mhauri and then the Harnav on the left bank at around 103 km. From individual sources beyond this convergence, Sabarmati flows through the Dharoi gorge. coming up from the gorge it passes through the plains and is joined on its left bank at around 170 km from its origin by the Hathmati, which is its significant branch. Continuing to roll in a southwest direction, the river passes through Ahmedabad and around 65 km downstream, another significant branch, Watrak joins it's on the left bank, streaming for a further distance of 68 km, the river outfalls in the Gulf of Khambhat in the Arabian Sea.
Tributaries Of Sabarmati River
Sei
This is the right bank branch of the Sabarmati River. It rises in the Aravalli mountains in Rajasthan and flows in the southwest direction for a complete length of 95 km before it joins on its right bank. It drains an area of 946 sq km.
Wakal
This is a Left bank branch of the Sabarmati River. It rises in the Aravalli mountains in Rajasthan and flows in the southwest direction for a complete distance of 88 km. It joins Sabarmati on its left bank. It drains an area of 1625 sq km. The Menas is its main branch.
Harnav
This is a Left bank branch of the Sabarmati River It rises in the Northern portion of the Kulalia mountains of the Rajasthan ranges and flows in the SouthWest directive for a complete length of 75 km. Harnav joins the left bank of Sabarmati. It drains an area of 972 sq km.
Hathmati
This is a Left bank branch of Sabarmati River This is a Left bank branch of Sabarmati River It rises in the SouthWest foothills of the Rajasthan range in Gujarat State and flows in South West directive for a length of 122 km to catch the Sabarmati on its left bank. This branch drains an area of 1526 sq km The sub-tributary of the Hathmati river is the Guhai river, on which the Guhai dam is constructed.
Watrak
This is a Left bank branch of the Sabarmati River It rises in the Panchara mountains in the Dungarpur district of Rajasthan and flows in the Southwest directive for a length of 248 km and joins Sabarmati on the left bank. Mexico, Mazam & Shedhi is a sub-tributaries of the Watrak river. Watrak and its branches drain an area of 8638 sq km. A line illustration of the river system giving data of Sabarmati Basin & its branches and sub-branches etc. indicating the position of significant structures is enclosed in the above map.
History Of Sabarmati River
One of the legends surrounding the source of the river is that Shiva brought the
Devi(goddess) Ganga to Gujarat and that caused the Sabarmati to come into existence.
During India's independence battle, Mahatma Gandhi established Sabarmati Ashram as
his home on the banks of this river.
The National Water Quality Programme conducted by Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) appoints Sabarmati River as one of the most polluted rivers in India.
Major Dams On Sabarmati River
There are several dams and reservoirs being constructed on Sabarmati and its branches. The Dharoi dam is located on the main Sabarmati river, while Harnav dam, Meshvo reservoir, Guhai dam, Mazam dam, Meshvo pick-up weir, Hathmati dam, and Watrak dam are located on branches. The Kalpasar is a planned project in the Gulf of Khambhat.
Dharoi Dam
- Dharoi dam is located about 165 km upstream Ahmedabad in village Dharoi of Mehsana district.
- It was constructed in 1978.
- It has a catchment region of 5540 sq km, out of which about sq km lies in Gujarat state.